The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. Established in 1948, WHO's primary goal is to promote and protect global health by providing leadership on international health issues, setting health standards and guidelines, monitoring health trends, and assisting countries in strengthening their health systems. WHO plays a crucial role in coordinating responses to health emergencies, conducting research, and providing technical assistance to countries to improve healthcare delivery and disease prevention worldwide.